ABSTRACT
Objective: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are associated with significant morbidity and mortality and have a major impact on public health. Pharmacovigilance helps in early detection of ADRs and identification of risk factors. Underreporting of ADRs can be improved by imparting knowledge regarding pharmacovigilance to healthcare professionals. This study was aimed at investigating the knowledge and attitude of resident doctors about ADR reporting and suggesting possible ways of improving ADR reporting. Materials and Methods: This study was a cross-sectional, questionnaire-based survey conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital. The respondents were resident doctors. Study instrument was a self-developed, pre-validated, semi-structured questionnaire consisting of open- and close-ended items. Results: A total of 84 questionnaires were considered for analysis, giving a response rate of 93.33%. In all, 64.28% of the respondents were aware about pharmacovigilance, 52.38% were aware of ADR reporting system in India, 83.33% opined that only serious ADR with any medicine should be reported, and 35.72% believed that ADRs should be reported only for newly marketed agents. Although 67.85% of respondents observed an ADR, only 25% reported it; 44.04% were aware about the complete procedure of ADR reporting. General attitude of the respondents about ADR reporting was as follows: ADR reporting should be compulsory (15.19%), voluntary (41.66%), remunerated (3.57%), identity of prescriber should be concealed (21.42%), and identity of reporter should be concealed (29.7%). Conclusion: Increasing awareness about pharmacovigilance will be helpful in improving the status of ADR reporting. Other measures such as making ADR reporting guidelines available in the form of booklets and displaying posters can also play a useful role.
ABSTRACT
The present study was carried out to see the effect of two zinc salts i.e zinc sulphate and zinc chloride on gastric ulcers induced by stress, pylorus ligation and aspirin in albino rats. The rats were divided into two main groups (zinc sulphate 30, 60, 90 mg/kg i.p and zinc chloride 10 and 20mg/kg i.p). They were further sub-divided into three sub-groups dependant on ulcer model i.e stress, pylorus ligation and aspirin induced ulcers. It was found that zinc sulphate and zinc chloride had a dose dependant reduction in ulcer index in all three models of gastric ulceration. Also, both the salts had anti acid secretory effect, raised pH of gastric secretion and reduced total acidity significantly. Thus zinc salts prevent gastric ulceration. Probably this effect is mediated by anti acid secretory action.